Woodpeckers

Combination of 2 c-rings (on left tarsus) and metal ring (on right tarsus) [see note 6].

note 1 : used colours left are white, red, yellow, dark-green, dark-blue, light-blue, brown, orange, violet and black (black and violet only as secondary (lower) ring, see also note 6).

note 2: only adult birds are c-ringed.

note 3: from 1982 until 1 January 2014, some 380 Black Woodpeckers have been c-ringed.

note 4: males may have the same combinations as females, as sexes can easily be distinguished. Therefore pay attention to male/female.

note 5: most new individuals may have an additional (third) c-ring on right below metal ring (these colours being grey, pink or colour mentioned in note 1, to distinguish to earlier used combinations with just metal on right).

note 6: few exceptions, e.g. “dark-blue over violet” are not used and “individuals rarely c-ringed right instead of left” ; “2 c-rings left” may be identical, but double-violet and double-black not used. Violet is not purple ; Colours may be difficult to estimate (winter, cold blue sky behind bird, darkness, fog), e.g. blue or green? red, brown or orange? Upper ring (or both) may be more or less hidden in feathers, especially in winter. Lower dark rings, e.g. violet, may be difficult due to tarsus colour and substrate.

note 7: Please pay attention to place, date and time, sex, upper/lower rings on which tarsus, circumstances: nest hole, roosting, daytime.

note 8 : birds ringed in South-Jutland (Denmark) and Schleswig-Holstein (Germany).

note 9 :