Combination of a white ring with a black 3 letter code beginning with E (reading down on left tarsus) and metal ring (on right tarsus).
note 1 : rings are white with black letters using the letters A, B, C, D, F, H, J, K, L, N, P, S, T, V, Z.
note 2 : Other colours and numbers may be used from 2011 but the first letter is always E.
note 3 : birds have been ringed in north-east Scotland by Grampian Ringing Group.
note 4 : 200 birds have been ringed at night in autumn 2010 and have included a number of birds ringed elsewhere in the UK and Europe.
